Measuring the Level of Radiation in some Dry Food Imported in the Markets of AL-Kifil-City and Estimating Excess of Cancer Risk Factor in this Town

The radioactive contamination is one of the main causes of cancers. Since the Dry food imported with the different global products is uncensored and is increasing, it is necessary to carry out periodic radiological surveys of all types in our local markets ,the aim of this project is to highlight of radiation level of same food with a statistical procedure for patients with cancer in the AL-Kifil region, there for the activity concentrations of K, Ra and Th radionuclide's calculated in 20 types of Dry food samples were taking from markets in (AL-Kifil City) by using γ-ray spectrometry with NaI(Tl) detector. The mean activity concentrations of Ra is (25.3+9.3) Bq/kg, Th(28.4+7.6)Bq/kg, and K (501.2+158.4) Bq/kg the activity concentration of K higher than the international recommended values (412) Bq/kg the reason is due to the nature of the terrain enjoyed by the industrialized countries for this type of food, which reflected negatively on the number of cancer patients in the digestive system of the population of the city of Kifil, the highest compared to other areas of the province of Babylon, an average of 33 cases. 1-Introduction The main factor causing pollution of the environment and thus the contamination of the food is radioactive precipitation, a mixture of radioactive isotopes produced by a nuclear explosion and spread in the atmosphere and can travel far from the site of the explosion and the main source of these radioactive precipitation is the tests of nuclear weapons in the atmosphere is responsible (air, soil, water) and the most dangerous radioactive precipitation is the longest and the most concentrated such as 137Si and soil pollution of these isotopes to the transfer to plants by absorption by the roots of plants and depends on this process on several factors such as the type of radioactive material and the type of soil in which the plants grow and then its go in the food.[1] 2Materials and Method 1.2 Sample collection and preparations After collection 20 samples of imported dried food in different kinds during the year of the research work from the different markets in Iraq (AL-Kifil) .As shown in figure (1). Journal of University of Babylon for Pure and Applied Sciences (JUBAS) by University of Babylon is licened under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. 2018.


1-Introduction
The main factor causing pollution of the environment and thus the contamination of the food is radioactive precipitation, a mixture of radioactive isotopes produced by a nuclear explosion and spread in the atmosphere and can travel far from the site of the explosion and the main source of these radioactive precipitation is the tests of nuclear weapons in the atmosphere is responsible (air, soil, water) and the most dangerous radioactive precipitation is the longest and the most concentrated such as 137Si and soil pollution of these isotopes to the transfer to plants by absorption by the roots of plants and depends on this process on several factors such as the type of radioactive material and the type of soil in which the plants grow and then its go in the food.[1]

Sample collection and preparations
After collection 20 samples of imported dried food in different kinds during the year of the research work from the different markets in Iraq (AL-Kifil) .As shown in figure (1).

Figure 1.Babylon government map
Where illustrated the name and country of origin for each sample then its prepared and analysis , by using oven at (175 o C -225 o C) food grinder turns in to dry flour by dried in an 24h to become stable weight ,during drying a slow temperature increase should be observed to prevent damage to the samples and not to exceed the permissible limits, Finally, the samples is stored in a teachers container for four weeks in order to obtain radioactive equilibrium between parents and daughter [2].

Gamma Spectroscopy
By using NaI(TI) detector of (3"×3") of gamma ray spectrometer (ORTEC company) can measured the radionuclide's in dry food samples (Inc.-12I12/3,AlphaSpectra) that be connected by multi-channel analyzer (MCA) (Digital Base, ORTEC) ranged in 4096 channel joined with ADC (Analog to Digital Convertor) unit, through interface.[3]The spectroscopic are performed analysis by the (MAESTRO-32) software, as shown in figure (2).

Figure 2. The spectroscopic measurements
Calibration of energy The process of calibrating energy is intended to determine the location of the fallen photon energy for each channel.When using these sources, the sources of the elements of the model are to be used for precise detection.For the purpose of standard calibration, the standard use of the following sources is used ( 137 Cs, 60 Co, 54 Mn, 109 Cd, 133 Ba and 22 Na). the energy of each source of radioactive fumes used the relationship between the standard energy sources and the channel number .[4]

3-Specific Activity Concentration
By using equation ( 1) can calculated the specific activity of a radionuclide in a gamma energy transition [5].--------------------------------(1) Where net N is represented to the net count in (c/s), net N is the random error in (c/s),  is represented to the efficiency of the detector , I γ is emitted gamma ray of the transition probability, t is the time in (sec) for spectrum collected and m is represented to the sample weight in (Kg).

40K
Province that the risk of health caused by exposure to radiation has become a concern because of the discovery of radionuclide as a source of the reason for the high incidence of lung cancer where studies The relationship between exposure to Radon and the risk of Gastrointestinal track cancer is linear, which confirms the importance of measurements on its concentration in populated areas.[6] Table 3 shows the number of cases of reindeer cancer according to patient reports in the archive of Morjan Hospital in Babylon Province in 2017, A relationship to increase The incidence of reindeer cancer with the high concentration of 40 K, where we note that the high rates of this radionuclide will be found in many areas of injury it cause (33) cases have the highest number of cancer patients from the other region in Babylon Governorate , the reason is due to the nature of the terrain enjoyed by the industrialized countries for this type of food, which reflected negatively on the number of cancer patients in the digestive system of the population of the city of Kifil.[7][8]

4-Conclusion
As a result from this project we have many conclusions:-1-It is found that many samples have higher specific activity for 226 Ra compared with safe limit values recommended by UNSCEAR (2008).2-while the most samples have higher specific activity for 40 K compared with safe limit values.

3-
The high rates of this radionuclide will be found in many areas of injury it cause (33 )cases have the highest number of cancer patients from the other region in Babylon Governorate.

Figure 3 :
Figure 3: Activity concentration of 226 Ra in Dry food samples.

Figure 4 .
Figure 4. Activity concentration of 232 Th in Dry food samples.

Figure 5 :
Figure 5: Activity concentration of 40 K in Dry food samples.